Uncertain Programming Model for the Cross-Border Multimodal Container Transport System Based on Inland Ports

The importance of inland ports in promoting current cross-border trade is increasingly recognized. In this work, we aim to design the entire network for multimodal container transport system based on ports. Unlike previous studies, consider strong uncertainty transportation demand be caused by a variety realistic factors such as global economic situation, policies among countries, and epidemics, etc. To handle uncertainty, develop an uncertain programming model considered problem minimize expectation total costs, including carbon emissions, imposing two types chance constraints capacity limitations. Under mild assumptions, further convert proposed into its equivalent deterministic one, which can solved off-the-shelf solvers CPLEX, Gurobi, Lingo. Finally, illustrate applicability taking Huaihai Economic Zone-Europe real-world case study. computational results provide valuable suggestions policy guidance regarding four issues: port locations, route choices, strategies reducing cost, schemes improving performance against demand.